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The Hindu–Arabic numeral system (also known as the Indo-Arabic numeral system, Hindu numeral system, Arabic numeral system) is a positional base ten numeral system for representing integers; its extension to non-integers is the decimal numeral system, which is presently the most common numeral system.
The Indian numbering system is used in the Indian subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) to express large numbers. The terms lakh or 1,00,000 (one hundred thousand, written as 100,000 in Pakistan, and outside the Indian subcontinent) and crore or 1,00,00,000 [1] (ten million, written as 10,000,000 ...
Learn how to write and read numbers in the Indian numeral system, which uses 10 symbols and separators to express different periods. Compare the Indian numeral system with the international numeral system and see examples and FAQs.
Hindu-Arabic numerals, set of 10 symbols—1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0—that represent numbers in the decimal number system. They originated in India in the 6th or 7th century and were introduced to Europe through the writings of Middle Eastern mathematicians, especially al-Khwarizmi and al-Kindi, about the 12th century.
Learn the definition, place value and comparison of Indian and international numeral systems. Find out how to write and read large numbers in both systems and the difference in comma placement.
The full system emerged by the 8th to 9th centuries, and is first described outside India in Al-Khwarizmi's On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals (ca. 825), and second Al-Kindi's four-volume work On the Use of the Indian Numerals (ca. 830). Today the name Hindu–Arabic numerals is usually used.
One of the important sources of information which we have about Indian numerals comes from al-Biruni. During the 1020s al-Biruni made several visits to India. Before he went there al-Biruni already knew of Indian astronomy and mathematics from Arabic translations of some Sanskrit texts.
