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A fundamental concept in the description of crystalline solids is that of a “Bravais lattice”. A Bravais lattice is an infinite arrangement of points (or atoms) in space that has the following property: The lattice looks exactly the same when viewed from any lattice point. 1D Bravais lattice:
In summary, there are five distinct 2-d Bravais lattices: (1) primitive oblique; (2) primitive rectangular; (3) centered rectangular; (4) primitive tetragonal; and (5) primitive trigonal and hexagonal (same lattice due to inversion).
The Bravais lattice concept is used to formally define a crystalline arrangement and its (finite) frontiers. A crystal is made up of one or more atoms, called the basis or motif, at each lattice point. The basis may consist of atoms, molecules, or polymer strings of solid matter, and the lattice provides the locations of the basis.
Bravais lattices are point lattices that are classified topologically according to the symmetry properties under rotation and reflection, without regard to the absolute length of the unit vectors. A more intuitive definition: At every point in a Bravais lattice the “world” looks the same.
7 Ιουν 2024 · A Bravais lattice is a simple concept for understanding the arrangement of atoms, molecules, or ions in a crystal. It represents a repeating pattern that extends in all directions.
The operation of transferring one part to the position of a symmetrically related part is termed a symmetry operation, the result of which is to leave the final state of the body indistinguishable from its original state.
Description of Bravais types of lattices. In Fig. 3.1.2.1, conventional cells for the 14 three-dimensional Bravais types of lattices are illustrated. In Tables 3.1.2.1 and 3.1.2.2, the two- and three-dimensional Bravais types of lattices are described in detail.
