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11 Ιουλ 2024 · Alveolar hypoventilation, defined as an elevation in PaCO₂ to levels >45 mmHg, can occur with several disorders: obesity hypoventilation syndrome, restrictive thoracic disorders, central sleep apnea syndromes, and COPD.
Chronic alveolar hypoventilation, defined as a sustained increase in PCO 2 exceeding 45 mm Hg, is a condition commonly encountered by the chest physician.
1 Δεκ 2008 · Central alveolar hypoventilation disorders are rare and complex disorders that may involve alterations in mechanisms of ventilatory control and autonomic dysfunction. These disorders may be congenital or acquired and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome is a respiratory consequence of morbid obesity that is characterized by alveolar hypoventilation during sleep and wakefulness. The disorder involves a complex interaction between impaired respiratory mechanics, ventilatory drive and sleep-disordered breathing.
The ventilatory control system normally compensates for this by increasing drive to maintain adequate alveolar ventilation levels, thereby keeping arterial CO2 within its normal range. To reduce work of breathing, a pattern of reduced tidal volume and increased respiratory rate occurs.
Alveolar hypoventilation is defined as insufficient ventilation, resulting in both an increase in Paco2 and a decrease in Pao2. This is the major mechanism of nocturnal impairment in gas exchange.
Definition and physiology. Hypoventilation exists when the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pa co2) is 45 mm Hg or greater. Pa co2 approximates alveolar pressure of carbon dioxide (P co2) and is proportional to CO 2 production divided by alveolar ventilation. Alveolar ventilation is equal to minute ventilation (respiratory rate × ...
