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The knock and rough limit crossover occurs at ~13.5:1 for E85 and ~12:1 for gasoline. E85/NH3 has higher knock limit and allows for a higher maximum compression ratio and thermal efficiency. Gasoline/NH3 has a lower roughness limit and allows for a slightly more fuel mixture flexibility.
Solid State Ammonia Synthesis Pilot Plant (SSAS-PP) Demonstration System for Renewable Energy (RE) Firming Storage, Transmission, and Export. Bill Leighty, Principal Alaska Applied Sciences, Inc. Box 20993, Juneau, AK 99802 wleighty@earthlink.net 907-586-1426 206-719-5554 cell. Wind Power Class.
Figures and tables showing how the properties of liquid and gaseous ammonia changes along the boiling/condensation curve (temperature and pressure between triple point and critical point conditions). An ammonia phase diagram are included.
Compared to hydrogen, ammonia is easier to store. Compared to hydrogen as a fuel, ammonia is much more energy efficient, and could be produced, stored and delivered at a much lower cost than hydrogen, which must be kept compressed or as a cryogenic liquid.
INTRODUCTION. Ammonia (NH3) is produced from nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2), both naturally and synthetically (see Eq. 4.1) [1,2]. Often, breaking the N^N triple bond is the rate-limiting step in nitrogen fixation, due to a high dissociation energy (941 kJ/mol).
NH3 Fuel –What is Needed? Research and demonstration on small-medium (< 5MGPY) scale NH3 production. Research and demonstrations using NH3 in turbines, engines, and fuel cells. Efficiency and emissions data. Design and demonstration of super-safe refueling systems. Development of standards and protocols for NH3 use as a fuel.
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ammonia. Phase diagram included. Ammonia - Vapour Pressure at Gas-Liquid Equilibrium Figures and table with ammonia saturation pressure at boiling points, SI and Imperial units. Ammonia Gas - Density vs. Temperature and Pressure
