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29 Αυγ 2024 · Uncover the letters and meanings of Anglo-Saxon runes, tied to Norse runes, and explore their roots in the Elder Futhark runic alphabet.
The video seems pretty good so far (I paused), but there are some minor errors I can point out. For example, the English cognate of rune survived into some dialects of Modern English. Look up roun in the English Dialect Dictionary to see some attestations of it. I'm away from my computer right now, but I could point out others later if you want.
Anglo-Saxon runes are an extended version of Elder Futhark consisting of between 26 and 33 letters. It is thought that they were used to write Old English / Anglo-Saxon and Old Frisian from about the 5th century AD.
These are runes ior for ‘io’, cweorþ for ‘q’ and stan for ’st’. A special place among Anglo-Saxon Futhorc inscriptions belongs to the 8th century Ruthwell Cross with 320 runes, containing portions of the poem known as The Dream of the Rood preserved in the so-called Vercelli Book.
To continue my series of posts on the runes, this week I’ll tackle the Anglo-Frisian Futhorc. My earlier posts about runes can be found here: The Elder Futhark. The Younger Futhark. In Scandinavia the Elder Futhark had developed into the Younger Futhark by reducing the number of runes from 24 to 16 around 700 C.E.
Anglo-Saxon runes or Anglo-Frisian runes are runes that were used by the Anglo-Saxons and Medieval Frisians (collectively called Anglo-Frisians) as an alphabet in their native writing system, recording both Old English and Old Frisian (Old English: rūna, ᚱᚢᚾᚪ, "rune").
These Old English runes are a development from the Elder Futhark and were used during the 5th - 11th centuries. It is theorised that these runes came from Frisia (what is now parts of Germany and the Netherlands) to the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, hence they are also called Anglo-Frisian runes.
