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in the bases (Figure 2). The bases are attached to the sugars at the 1’ (“one-prime”) position via a glycosidic linkage (simply meaning that the b. se is bonded to a sugar). Notice that the sugars are five-membered rings in which an oxygen atom links . he 1’ and 4’ carbons. Notice also that the 5’ carbon is of the ring, being attached .
A major difference between A- and B-DNA double helices is caused by different sugar puckers. In A-DNA, the deoxyribose is in the C3′-endo conformation, with the carbon 3′ above the plane of the sugar ring. In B-DNA, the ring has the C2′-endo conformation, with the C2′ atom above the sugar plane.
20 Ιουν 2023 · Figure \(\PageIndex{8}\): Chemical structure of two pairs of nucleotides in a fragment of double-stranded DNA. Sugar, phosphate, and bases A,C,G,T are labeled. Hydrogen bonds between bases on opposite strands are shown by dashed lines. Note that the G-C pair has more hydrogen bonds than A-T.
Identify the sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base, 5' and 3' carbons in a nucleotide and the key difference between DNA and RNA. Explain the structure of the double helix, including the role of hydrogen bonds and covalent (phosphodiester) bonds. Explain why the abundance of A is roughly equal to T and G is roughly equal to C in DNA.
17 Μαρ 2022 · The phosphate group of one nucleotide bonds covalently with the sugar molecule of the next nucleotide, and so on, forming a long polymer of nucleotide monomers. The sugar–phosphate groups line up in a “backbone” for each single strand of DNA, and the nucleotide bases stick out from this backbone.
discusses separately the nucleic acid bases, the sugar and phosphate components, (b) the bond types in nucleotides, (c) the metabolism of nucleotides, (d) the lower levels of DNA structure (primary, secondary, tertiary, nucleosomal), (e) supranucle-osomal organization of eukaryotic DNA, (f) chromosomes of animal cells, and (g)
Ribose is the sugar in the backbone of RNA, ribonucleic acid. This diagram misses out the carbon atoms in the ring for clarity. Each of the four corners where there isn't an atom shown has a carbon atom. The heavier lines are coming out of the screen or paper towards you.
