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Within a week of the First Fleet’s arrival, a group of convicts evaded their marine guards and cut across country to Botany Bay, where the ships of the French explorer La Pérouse lay at anchor. However, La Pérouse refused to take them on board and they were forced to straggle back to Sydney Cove.
An early map of Botany Bay, site of the first Australian penal colony. Australian penal colonies refers to the transportation of approximately 162,000 prison convicts from Britain and Ireland to Australia and Tasmania in the eighty year period between 1788 and 1868.
There is thus some overlap with Prison Registers 1770-1951 and Hulks Registers 1801-1879, Assignment lists, and other record series that list convicts by ships, such as the British Transportation Registers 1787-1867. Convict Indents were foundational documents for other record sets.
In May 1787, eleven ships left England with more than seven hundred convicts on board, along with orders to establish a penal colony at Botany Bay, New South Wales.
those who made the Botany Bay decision in August 1786. 'The East coast of New South Wales' was simply the last choice left in a succession of attempts to find a destination to which British convicts could be sent after the American destination had been closed to them. The theory that Botany Bay was founded primarily to become a new
3 1 2 BOTANY BAY: April. on the south-west coast of Africa, had to do with administration manoeuvring.1 Various memoranda show that when it became politically impossible to proceed with the Lemane scheme, Nepean set the administration on course to Das Voltas Bay, as recommended. by Captain Edward Thompson.
determine why the British government in 1786 decided to establish a penal colony at Botany Bay on the east coast of the newly discovered New South Wales that was situated many thousands of kilometres from English ports and outposts.
