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1678 – Wave theory. Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens argues that light consists of waves and uses this theory to explain double refraction. Thomas Young’s experiments (1801) support Huygens’s wave theory.
21 Οκτ 2024 · In his Traité de la Lumière (1690; “Treatise on Light”), the Dutch mathematician-astronomer Christiaan Huygens formulated the first detailed wave theory of light, in the context of which he was also able to derive the laws of reflection and refraction.
14 Δεκ 2016 · We have come a long way from the earliest studies on light, trying to understand vision as light emanating from our eyes, to the description of light as rays, then as particles, and then waves, and finally exhibiting both particle and wave natures.
21 Οκτ 2024 · In 1888 German physicist Heinrich Hertz succeeded in demonstrating the existence of long-wavelength electromagnetic waves and showed that their properties are consistent with those of the shorter-wavelength visible light.
These two perspectives on what light IS, whether particles or waves, were evident in the writings of Newton and Huygens in the 17th century. They continue today in the “wave-particle duality’’ to which physicists refer.
By 1770, two theories of light, apparently incompatible, were in competition. The first, proposed by Huygens in 1678 and published in 1690, was an undulatory theory: light transmitted as waves. Light waves spread in all directions from a light source, and were detected by their creation of vibrations in the retina.
14 Μαΐ 2023 · This chapter takes a historical approach in answering what light is, starting with a variety of ancient ideas and ending with the modern understanding of particle-wave duality.
