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In Section 10.6 we will discuss the phenomenon of diffraction which is based on Huygens-Fresnel principle. Finally in Section 10.7 we will discuss the phenomenon of polarisation which is based on the fact that the light waves are transverse electromagnetic waves.
We shall try to understand in this Chapter the reflection of light by spherical mirrors and refraction of light and their application in real life situations. 10.1 REFLECTION OF LIGHT. A highly polished surface, such as a mirror, reflects most of the light falling on it.
According to the superposition principle, the net displacement is simply given by the vector or the algebraic sum of the individual displacements. Interference is the combination of two or more waves to form a composite wave, based on such principle. The idea of the superposition principle is illustrated in Figure 14.1.1. (a) (b) (c) (d)
Diffraction is the concept that is explained using Huygens’s Principle, and is defined as the bending of a wave around the edges of an opening or an obstacle. This principle can be used to define reflection, as shown in the figure.
30/05/2023. Physical & Electromagnetic Optics: Basic Principles of Scalar Diffraction. Optical Engineering. Prof. Elias N. Glytsis. School of Electrical & Computer Engineering. Huygens Principle and Diffraction. Every point on a propagating wavefront becomes a secondary source of spherical wavelets.
According to the concept of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics, light exhibits both particle and wave nature, depending upon the circumstances. A phenomenon like diffraction, polarisation and interference could be explained by considering light as a wave.
Diffraction refers to what happens to a wave when it hits an obstacle. The key to understanding diffraction is a very simple observation first due to Huygens in 1678. Say a wave arrives at an opaque screen with a little hole in it.
