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The ability of an enzyme to select a specific substrate from a range of chemically similar compounds is known as specificity. Since the enzyme and substrate exhibit complementary structural and conformational properties, specificity is a molecular identification process.
9 Οκτ 2021 · Revision notes on 1.4.2 Enzyme Specificity for the AQA A Level Biology syllabus, written by the Biology experts at Save My Exams.
similar structure. The specificity of an enzyme with a substrate can be explained by “Lock and key” model. In this model, the lock and key correspond to the enzyme and the substrate, respectively, and only the correctly shaped key can fit into the key hole (active site). This theory is based on the “rigid enzyme” model
6.10: Enzymes - Active Site and Substrate Specificity. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions by lowering activation energy barriers and converting substrate molecules to products.
enzyme acts only on a specific substance, its substrate, invariably transforming it into a specific product. That is, an enzyme binds only certain compounds, and then, only a specific reaction ensues. Some enzymes show absolute specificity, catalyzing the transformation of only one specific substrate to yield a unique product.
Function and structure. Enzymes are very efficient catalysts for biochemical reactions. They speed up reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway of lower activation energy. Like all catalysts, enzymes take part in the reaction - that is how they provide an alternative reaction pathway.
The Lock and Key Theory, introduced by Emil Fischer, is a fundamental concept in biochemistry that explains enzyme specificity. It compares the enzyme's active site to a lock and the substrate to a key, illustrating how only the correct substrate can initiate a reaction.
