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1 Οκτ 2023 · Macrosystem examples include the economic conditions of society, laws in society, taboos and customs of society, and cultural beliefs in the society in which a child lives. The macrosystem is one of five levels of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory .
The ecological model of autism studies the behavior of individuals with autism within the context of many levels of environmental influence and assumes bidirectional influences between (a) the person and these environmental influences and (b) the many environmental levels.
This is the macrosystem, which consists of norms and values of the culture and sub-cultures. In social life it includes beliefs, social attitudes, cultural traits and a general understanding of the subject. In the case of autism, the layman theories of it, as a disease, favors clinical approaches of it from a medical perspective.
Drash and Tudor's (2004) theory explains autism in terms of potentially modifiable conditions in the child's environment that are directly observable and measurable, which can help prevent autism and develop interventions.
Taken together, these findings have implications for understanding the heterogeneity in ToM skills in children with ASD without ID, and their differential impact on social, communicative, and adaptive behaviors. Keywords: autism, adaptative skills, theory of mind, social, pragmatic competence.
31 Δεκ 2018 · A wide range of studies have linked the pathophysiology of autism to dysfunctional elements in the development and function of mitochondria, cells, neurons, and the gastrointestinal...
In a seminal study, 1 the researchers demonstrated that compared to Down Syndrome controls, and typical developing children, those with ASD were significantly impaired on tasks of false beliefs. They tested 20 autistic children aged 11;11 (years; months), with nonverbal mental age of 9;3, and verbal mental age of 5;5 on the Sally-Ann task.
