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Most of the hydrocarbons in crude oil are hydrocarbons called alkanes. The general formula for the homologous series of alkanes is C₂H₂ₙ₊₂; The first four members of the alkanes are methane, ethane, propane and butane. Alkane molecules can be represented in the following forms: (C₂H₆ or drawn out version).
Questions and model answers on 14.1 Alkanes for the CIE A Level Chemistry syllabus, written by the Chemistry experts at Save My Exams.
In the following practice problems, we will go over naming alkanes using the IUPAC nomenclature rules which include finding the parent chain, numbering it to have the substituents in the correct positions, and finally putting all of this together to name the compound.
The nomenclature for alkanes dictates that each molecules name are made up of a prefix relating to the number of carbons present (e.g pent- for 5 carbon atoms or hex- for 6), and the suffix -ane. The only exceptions to these rules are the first four alkanes (shown above).
PRACTICE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR 1.6 ALKANES (includes some questions from 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry) 1. (a) (i) Name the process used to separate petroleum into fractions. .....…..... (ii) Give the molecular formula for an alkane with nine carbon atoms. .....…..... (iii) Write an equation for the complete combustion of the ...
Discuss the complete and incomplete combustion of these alkanes and the trend in the energy changes they produced. You should give word equations in your answer.
Naming Alkanes - Worksheet #2. Draw the structural formula and line angle formula for the following molecules. Remember the following: Carbons on the end of a chain are attached to three hydrogens. Carbons in the middle of a chain are attached to two hydrogens.
