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11.2 TEMPERATURE AND HEAT. We can begin studying thermal properties of matter with definitions of temperature and heat. Temperature is a relative measure, or indication of hotness or coldness. A hot utensil is said to have a high temperature, and ice cube to have a low temperature.
When two systems at different temperatures are linked together, heat flows from the higher temperature to the lower temperature until their temperatures become the same. The principle of calorimetry states that heat lost by a body at higher temperature equals heat gained by a body at lower temperature, ignoring heat loss to surroundings.
As an application of Eq. (11.3), consider the change in internal energy for 1 g of water when we go from its liquid to vapour phase. The measured latent heat of water is 2256 J/g. i.e., for 1 g of water ∆Q = 2256 J. At atmospheric pressure, 1 g of water has a volume 1 cm3 in liquid phase and 1671 cm3 in vapour phase.
11.7 The radius of a metal sphere at room temperature T is R, and the coefficient of linear expansion of the metal is α. The sphere is heated a little by a temperature ∆T so that its new temperature is TT+∆ . The increase in the volume of the sphere is approximately (a) 2παRT ∆ (b) παRT2 ∆ (c) 4 /3παRT3 ∆ (d) 4παRT3 ∆
This chapter will help students learn about heat, its temperature and various process of heat flow. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics at BYJU’S are according to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2023-24 and are available in PDF format, which can be accessed for free by the students.
Download Thermodynamics CBSE Class 11 Physics Chapter 11 notes PDF for free. Secure good marks by referring NCERT Class 11 Thermodynamics revision notes prepared by Vedantu experts.
The higher value of molar specific heat of chlorine as compared to hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen etc. shows that for chlorine molecule, at room temperature vibrational motion also occurs along with translational and rotational motions, whereas other diatomic molecules at room temperature usually have rotational motion apart from their ...
