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The auricular, or extrinsic, muscles of the human ear include the anterior auricular muscle, the superior auricular muscle, and the posterior auricular muscle. Together, they control the pinna, or the visible part of the ear.
Charles Darwin listed a number of putative human vestigial features, which he termed rudimentary, in The Descent of Man (1871). These included the muscles of the ear; wisdom teeth; the appendix; the tail bone; body hair; and the semilunar fold in the corner of the eye.
Some humans are able to wiggle their ears, suggesting that some of the brain circuits and muscles that allow automatic ear movements towards sounds are still present. This may be a ‘vestigial feature’, an ability that is maintained even though it no longer serves its original purpose.
13 Απρ 2023 · More than 30 million years ago, the dry-nosed primates evolved; along with their evolution, their ear size and muscles decreased. A 2015 study found that the vestigial muscles of the ear may still be activated with certain intense or exciting sounds.
Three muscles located on the outer ear, named m. auricularis posterior, anterior, and superior balance the pulling force of the inner muscles that cause the outer ear’s folds. Usually there are no serious problems in most of the birth related outer ear anomalies (malformations or deformations).
The auricular muscles are vestigial in humans and few individuals can move their ears voluntarily. As a result, the auricular muscles are generally considered to be of little functional significance, although auricular reflexes activate ear muscles during eye movements ( Urban et al., 1993 ).
1 Ιουλ 2020 · Pertinent anatomical structures are numerous and include human tails, plica semilunaris, the vomeronasal organ, levator claviculae, and external ear muscles, to name a few.
