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Malignant ascites indicates the presence of malignant cells in the peritoneal cavity and is a grave prognostic sign. While survival in this patient population is poor, averaging about 20 wk from time of diagnosis, quality of life can be improved through palliative procedures.
Two main reasons cause ascites in patients with cancer. First, cancer can spread to the lining of the organs—the peritoneum—and make it leaky, causing malignant ascites. Second, cancer can spread to the liver and cause increased pressure in the liver.
Patients with ascites of GI cancer origin, other cancers and those with unknown primary had the worst survival (Figures 2 and 3). Levels of serum albumin and total protein at diagnosis of ascites significantly affected survival.
27 Φεβ 2024 · Malignancy-related ascites is much less common, accounting for or contributing to ascites formation in approximately 7 percent of patients [1]. Some patients have two causes for ascites formation (eg, cirrhosis plus peritoneal carcinomatosis). This topic will review malignancy-related ascites.
12 Σεπ 2023 · Paramalignant ascites is the formation of ascites in patients with cancer without the cytologic proof of tumor cells. This condition may be caused by cancer-related comorbidities such as liver cirrhosis, portal vein obstruction, heart failure, pancreatitis or infections.
Medical management Evidence for diuretics less clear in malignant ascites. Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) can be calculated from ascitic tap. SAAG >1.1g/dL most likely to benefit. Spironolactone is first line diuretic, starting at 100mg and titrated to 400mg every 3–4 days as required.
27 Απρ 2015 · Malignant ascites can develop through several mechanisms: blocked lymphatic channels as a result of malignancy, direct production of fluid into the peritoneal cavity by highly active cancers,...
