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Mineral Scales and Deposits: Scientific and Technological Approaches presents, in an integrated way, the problem of scale deposits (precipitation/crystallization of sparingly-soluble salts) in aqueous systems, both industrial and biological.
1 Ιαν 2022 · The mineral scale is defined as deposits of insoluble inorganic minerals from salty water or brines. The commonly encountered deposits in industrial water systems consist of calcium and iron carbonates (CaCO 3 , FeCO 3 ), sulfates of barium, strontium, and calcium (BaSO 4 , SrSO 4 , CaSO 4 ), and various types of iron oxide and oxyhydroxide (Fe ...
Mineral scale formation is a major operational challenge in oil and gas fields that always comes with a high cost. Thus mineral scale must be detected early and managed to avoid detrimental impacts. Scale management involves preventing scale formation and removing the formed scale.
3.5. Scale Inhibition by ChemicalAdditives 63 6. Biofouling in Industrial Water 3.5.1. Effects ofAdditives on Scale Systems 123 Formation 63 3.5.2. Effects of Additives on Scale Toleti Subba Rao Morphology 66 6.1. Industrial Water Systems: AnOverview 123 3.6. Scale—Inhibitor interface 67 6.2. Types of CoolingSystems 124 3.6.1. Location ...
5 Απρ 2010 · The complete thermodynamics of “scale”-forming minerals is discussed in detail. The effects of temperature, pressure, and non-ideal solutions are analyzed.
The mineral scale that deposits in digesters and bleach plants is formed by a chemical precipitation process.As such, it is accurately modeled using the solubility product equilibrium constant.
1 Ιαν 2022 · Mineral scale deposits—Analysis and interpretation. January 2022. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-822896-8.00021-2. In book: Water-Formed Deposits (pp.783-794) Authors: Tao Chen. Saudi Aramco. Qiwei...
