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Ketamine is a rapid-acting general anesthetic and NMDA receptor antagonist used for induction of anesthesia diagnostic and surgical procedures typically in combination with a muscle relaxant. Brand Names
Ketamine is a non-competitive antagonist at glutamate N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and has been traditionally used as a dissociative anesthetic.
30 Ιαν 2024 · This activity reviews ketamine's indications, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse drug reactions, monitoring strategies, drug-drug interactions, and clinical toxicology for healthcare professionals to facilitate the enhancement of clinical best practice guidelines.
We identified 24 systematic reviews of the antidepressant effect of ketamine in the treatment of unipolar depression and/or MDD, 12 of which conducted meta-analyses. In general, reviews consistently identified a robust, rapid, and typically short-lived antidepressant effect for ketamine.
10 Μαΐ 2024 · We highlight the need for comprehensive evidence-based guidelines to manage the use of both licensed and off-licence ketamine formulations and discuss recent efforts by Beaglehole et al to develop ketamine guidelines in New Zealand.
Prior to the administration of ketamine, some medical tests are required, including a complete blood cell count, complete metabolic profile, drug screen, Beta-HCG pregnancy test for women, and an electrocardiogram. Ketamine dosing for depression is weight based and usual doses are between 0.5 mg/kg and 0.75 mg/kg.
Ketamine can be used for refractory status epilepticus (observational studies suggest ketamine is an effective option for refractory status epilepticus due to antagonism of excitotoxic NMDA receptors) (Hofler and Trinka, 2018) References and Links. CCC Pharmacology Series. Höfler J, Trinka E. Intravenous ketamine in status epilepticus.
