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static pressure–volume (PV) curve in patients with acute respira- tory distress syndrome (ARDS) indicates that some lung compart- ments do not initially receive insufflated gas.
21 Ιουν 2001 · The presence of an initial segment with a low compliance on the static pressure–volume (PV) curve in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) indicates that some lung compartments do not initially receive insufflated gas.
The quasi-static pressure-volume (P-V) curve of the respiratory system describes the mechanical behavior of the lungs and chest wall during inflation and deflation. To eliminate resistive and convective acceleration effects, the measurement of volume and pressure must be performed during short periods of apnea or during very slow flow.
Where mechanical ventilation is required , the use of low tidal volumes (< 6 ml/kg ideal body weight) and airway pressures (plateau pressure < 30 cmH 2O) was recommended. For patients with moderate/severe ARDS (PF ratio < 20kPa), prone positioning was recommended for at least 12 hours per day.
Equation 1 fitted equally well inflation and deflation P-V curves from normal, ARDS, and pneumoconstricted lungs (Figs.1-3) with mean goodness-of-fit coefficient (R 2) of 0.997 ± 0.02 (SE). Review of the fitted parameters revealed the following results.
On this pressure–volume graph, compared with curve B, curve A illustrates a patient with increased respiratory system compliance and as a result at a given tidal volume there is reduced driving pressure.
A growing hody of clinical and experimental evidence has demonstrated that mechanical ventilation that results in high transpulmonary pressure gradients and overdistention of lung units will potentiate the acute lung injury in patients with ARDS.
