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It is the property of a fluid that tends to resist flowing when subjected to an applied force, High-viscosity fluids resist flow; low-viscosity fluids flow easily. The IMF exerted between and among molecular dipoles accounts for the liquid's resistance to flow.
13 Νοε 2022 · Define heat and work, and describe an important limitation in their interconversion. Describe the physical meaning of temperature. Explain the meaning of a temperature scale and describe how a particular scale is defined. Convert a temperature expressed in Fahrenheit or Celsius to the other scale.
18 Σεπ 2022 · Heat transfer is the movement of heat due to a temperature difference between a system and its surroundings. The energy transfer is always from higher temperature to lower temperature, due to the second law of thermodynamics. The units of heat transfer are the joule (J), calorie (cal), and kilocalorie (kcal).
28 Φεβ 2024 · Having discussed the internal energy changes of a gas at a constant temperature and constant pressure, we now consider an isothermal change. Isothermal conditions imply that \ (\Delta T\) is zero, hence \ (\Delta U = 0\) (Eq. 2.12). The first law then reads. $$ \Delta U = 0 = q + w $$.
19 Μαρ 2023 · What will happen in our experiment? According to Raoult’s law, the vapor pressure of the saltwater solution will be lower than that of the pure water. In an attempt to equalize the vapor pressures, water will flow through the membrane to the solution side, diluting it and making the vapor pressures equal.
Heat transfer restores thermal equilibrium once the water and pan are in contact; it stops once thermal equilibrium between the pan and the water is achieved. The heat lost by the pan is equal to the heat gained by the water—that is the basic principle of calorimetry.
Heat can be conducted through gases, liquids, and solids. In gases and liquids, conduction is due to the collisions and diffusion of the molecules during their random motion. When the fluid has zero bulk velocity, then conduction is the basic mode of heat transfer.
