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Physics 8.286: The Early Universe November 13, 2018 Prof. Alan Guth Lecture Notes 7 THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT INTRODUCTION: Much excitement has been generated since January 1998 over observations that show that the expansion of the universe today is accelerating, rather than decelerating. Two
Page 1 Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2002, published in Review of Modern Physics 77, 1 (2005).
Fundamental Physical Constants — Extensive Listing Relative std. Quantity Symbol Value Unit uncert. u r UNIVERSAL speed of light in vacuum c 299792458 m s−1 exact vacuum magnetic permeability 4πα¯h/e 2c ...
The ten dimensionless universal constants to be used here have already been listed at the beginning of §1.1. In this chapter we describe what these constants are. The set of universal constants adopted depends upon the most fundamental physical theory considered. Our ambitions are modest.
physical constants. The conventional core group of quantities known as the fun-damental physical constants comprises those given in Table 1. They have been recognised as such for about the last one hundred years, some, such as the speed of light and Newtonian constant of gravitation for a considerably longer period.
FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL CONSTANTS CONSTANT SYMBOL VALUE speed of light in vacuum c 2.998×108 3×108 m/s gravitational constant G 6.67×10−11 N·m2/kg2 Boltzmann’s constant K 1.38×10−23 J/K elementary charge e 1.60 ×10−19 C permittivity of free space ε0 8.85×10−12 1 36π ×10 −9 F/m permeability of free space μ0 4π ×10−7 H/m electron mass me 9.11×10−31 kg ...
Twenty-three of the fundamental physical constants, including the Planck constant, Coulomb constant and the gravitational constant (G), are derived by wave equations based on four, new fundamental constants: wave speed, wavelength, amplitude and density.
