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The quantitative relationship between heat transfer and temperature change contains all three factors: Q = mcΔT, (14.2) where Q is the symbol for heat transfer, m is the mass of the substance, and ΔT is the change in temperature. The symbol c stands for specific heat and depends on the material and phase.
heat transfer physics, second edition This graduate textbook describes atomic-level kinetics (mechanisms and rates) of thermal energy storage, transport (conduction, convection, and radiation),
Heat • The temperature difference determines the direction of heat transfer. • Bodies don’t “contain” heat; heat always refers to energy in transit from one body to another. • We can change the temperature of a body by adding heat to it.
Heat is a type of energy transfer that is caused by a temperature difference, and it can change the temperature of an object. As we learned earlier in this chapter, heat transfer is the movement of energy from one place or material to another as a result of a difference in temperature.
This introduction to heat and mass transfer, oriented toward engineering students, may be downloaded without charge. The ebook is typeset, in pdf format, with eleven chapters, hundreds of figures, and more than 560 exercises. Download A Heat Transfer Textbook.
The macroscopic conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer can be understood and analyzed using the four underlying atomic-level (principal) energy carriers. Phonon (lattice vibration, cause of thermal conduction in electric insulators, and participant in energy conversion involving kinetic energy of solids).
1. Heat Conduction Rate Equations (Fourier's㡫䐼Law) Heat Flux: Heat Rate: 㡫䐼′′ = Heat Convection Rate Equations㡫䐼 厧䏙′′䮐言಼ꈗ傥긦 2 ⌺骒Thermal Conductivity Cross-Sectional Area傥긦 ∙. (Newton's Law of Cooling) Heat Flux: 㡫䐼′′㰲퐟㰲퐟㰲퐟 ∞) ∞) 傥긦 ⌺骒2. Heat Rate: Heat Radiation ...
