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  1. Receptor proteins. •enable cells to reconize other cells of its own kind to form tissues. • enable cells like leukocytes to recognize and respond to foreign cells to fight disease. • enable cells to recognize hormones nutrients etc.

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  4. 19 Σεπ 2024 · When a water-soluble ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, it activates the receptor, initiating a signal transduction pathway that alters cellular function. The 3 types of cell-surface receptors include G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), ion channel receptors, and enzyme-linked receptors.

  5. Structurally, the signaling molecules used by plants and animals range in complexity from simple gases to proteins. Some of these molecules carry signals over long distances, whereas others act locally to convey information between neighboring cells.

  6. Ligands interact with proteins in target cells, which are cells that are affected by chemical signals; these proteins are also called receptors. Ligands and receptors exist in several varieties; however, a specific ligand will have a specific receptor that typically binds only that ligand.

  7. Recognition proteins function to __________. - regulate the movement of ions across the cell membrane. - bind hormones and alter the intracellular physiology of a cell. - permit the cells of the immune system to distinguish between pathogens such as bacteria and cells of your own body. - catalyze a chemical reaction.

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