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A death march is a forced march of prisoners of war or other captives or deportees in which individuals are left to die along the way. [1] It is distinguished from simple prisoner transport via foot march.
In January 1945, the Third Reich stood on the verge of military defeat. As Allied forces approached Nazi camps, the SS organized “death marches” (forced evacuations) of concentration camp inmates, in part to keep large numbers of concentration camp prisoners from falling into Allied hands.
The term "death march" was probably coined by concentration camp prisoners. It referred to forced marches of concentration camp prisoners over long distances under heavy guard and extremely harsh conditions. During death marches, SS guards brutally mistreated the prisoners and killed many.
German troops were ordered to shoot any prisoners who could not keep pace or disembark. In addition, thousands perished due to starvation, exhaustion and exposure: temperatures that winter dropped to below -17 Celsius (0 Fahrenheit). These movements have become known as the death marches.
Malnourished prisoners were forced to trek hundreds of miles on foot to camps into central Germany. Thousands of people died during the marches. Those who were unable to travel were murdered. Thousands more froze to death, starved or were shot on the way.
Something you may have heard referenced in books, documentaries, films or in a history class are “Death Marches”. These were designed as a method of death for those who were inmates in the concentration camps set up by the Nazis.
As Soviet troops approach, SS units begin the final evacuation of prisoners from the Auschwitz camp complex, marching them on foot toward the interior of the German Reich. These forced evacuations come to be called “death marches.”