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A unit vector is a dimensionless vector one unit in length used only to specify a given direction. Unit vectors have no other physical significance. In Physics 2110 and 2120 we will use the symbols i, j, and k (if there is a third dimension, i.e a “z” direction), although in many texts the symbols x^, y^, and z^ are often used.
To find the unit vector of a vector, we divide each component by its magnitude. In this article, we will learn how to calculate unit vectors of vectors. We will learn about the formulas that we can use, and we will apply them to solve some practice problems.
INTRODUCING VECTORS. 1.1 Scalars. 1.2 Vectors. 1.3 Unit vectors. 1.4 Vector algebra. 1.5 Simple examples. 1.1 Scalars. A scalar is a quantity with magnitude but no direction, any mathematical entity that can be represented by a number. Examples: Mass, temperature, energy, charge ...
Many problems in real-life involve 3-Dimensional Space. How will you represent each of the cable forces in Cartesian vector form?
At this stage it is convenient to introduce unit vectors along each of the coordinate axes. Let xˆ be a vector of unit magnitude pointing in the positive x-direction, yˆ, a vector of unit magnitude in the positive y-direction, and zˆ a vector of unit magnitude in the positive z-direction.
Example. Write the polar unit vectors r and θ in terms of the Cartesian unit vectors x and y . Unit Vectors. We are familiar with the unit vectors in Cartesian coordinates, where . points in the x-direction and . y-direction.
these units can be used to describe other physical quantities such as velocity (m/s), and acceleration (m/s2). Sometimes the string of units gets to be so long that we contract them into a new unit called a derived unit. For example, A unit of force has base units of kg m s2! newton or N where the newton (N) is a derived unit. 3.1 Physical ...
