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A sound argument is one that is not only valid, but begins with premises that are actually true. The example given about toasters is valid, but not sound. However, the following argument is both valid and sound: In some states, no felons are eligible voters, that is, eligible to vote. In those states, some professional athletes are felons.
Sounds are public objects of auditory perception. By ‘object’ I mean only that which is perceived—that which is available for attention, thought, and demonstrative reference. Two listeners in a room may hear and talk about the same sound, and all in attendance may hear the sound of the same speech.
From this analytical sketch emerges a provisional threefold definition of sound which tentatively suggests (1) that the term includes the entire spectrum between isolated sine waves and unpitched noises of maximal spectral complexity, (2) that there is no viable distinction between musical and non-musical sounds as it is not the property of an ...
1 Οκτ 2007 · It demonstrates how thinking about audition and appreciating the relationships among multiple sense modalities enriches our understanding of perception. It articulates the central questions that comprise the philosophy of sound, and proposes a novel theory of sounds and their perception.
I first elucidate the qualitative and quantitative nature of sound, explaining the ideality and negativity of sound, the temporality and hylomorphic form of sound, the propagation of sound, the causal sources of sound, and the mechanical nature of sound.
14 Ιουλ 2005 · The main relevant families of answers include proximal, medial, distal, and aspatial theories. Proximal theories would claim that sounds are where the hearer is. Medial theories—exemplified by mainstream acoustics—locate sounds in the medium between the resonating object and the hearer.
What is the relation between sounds and sounding objects? Temporal and causal features of sounds will be important in deciding these and related questions. However, it turns out that a fruitful way to organize these issues deals with the spatial properties of sounds.
