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U.S. Constitution. Article III. Section 1. The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.
The very first sentence of Article III says: “The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.”. So the Constitution itself says that we will have a Supreme Court, and that this Court is separate from both the legislature ...
The Supreme Court is the only federal court that is explicitly established by the Constitution. During the Constitutional Convention , a proposal was made for the Supreme Court to be the only federal court, having both original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction.
The best-known power of the Supreme Court is judicial review, or the ability of the Court to declare a Legislative or Executive act in violation of the Constitution, is not found within the text of the Constitution itself.
The Constitution itself created only the Supreme Court, but allowed Congress to create other, inferior (lower) courts over time. Thus as the case load of the Supreme Court grew, Congress was able to create the lower federal courts.
SECTION. 1. The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.
The Constitution grants the Supreme Court original jurisdiction over the relatively narrow categories of Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, 18. and the Court has held that its jurisdiction over such cases flows directly from the Constitution. 19.
