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The history of the nail is divided roughly into three distinct periods: Hand-wrought (forged) nail (pre-history until 19th century) Cut nail (roughly 1800 to 1914) Wire nail (roughly 1860 to the present)
Nails are usually made of steel but can also be made of stainless steel, iron, copper, aluminum, or bronze. The pointed end of a nail is called the point, the shaft is called the shank, and the flattened part is called the head.
It was based on an invention by the German-born brothers Friedrich and Carl Wilhelm Siemens, and the process became known as the Siemens-Martin process. However, it took several decades before this furnace dominated the method of producing steel.
7 Οκτ 2011 · chapter l the history of cut and wire nails; chapter li improvements in american blast furnace practice; chapter lii the manufacture of tinplates in the united states; chapter liii miscellaneous facts relating to the american iron and steel industries; chapter liv early discoveries of coal in the united states
The Romans used a profuse array of nails and U-staples in iron and bronze for structural, mechanical and decorative work. They were used to make weapons, packaging, ships, wagons, harness, hob-nails and an endless variety of domestic items. That the Romans practised mass-production is undeniable.
In this paper, I construct a price index for nails, relative to an index of overall consumer prices and based on data going back to 1695. The real price of nails fell by a factor of about 10 from the late 1700s to the middle of the 20th century, averaging a decline of about 11⁄2 percent per year.
By 1886, 10 percent of the nails produced in the United States were made of soft steel wire. Within six years, more steel-wire nails were being produced than iron-cut nails. By 1913, 90 percent were wire nails. Cut nails are still made today, however, with the type B method.
