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Floppy disks were an almost universal data format from the 1970s into the 1990s, used for primary data storage as well as for backup and data transfers between computers. In 1967, at an IBM facility in San Jose, California, work began on a drive that led to the world's first floppy disk and disk drive. [1]
By the mid-1990s, 5¼-inch drives had virtually disappeared, as the 3½-inch disk became the predominant floppy disk. The advantages of the 3½-inch disk were its higher capacity, its smaller physical size, and its rigid case which provided better protection from dirt and other environmental risks.
floppy disk, magnetic storage medium used with late 20th-century computers. Floppy disks were popular from the 1970s until the late 1990s, when they were supplanted by the increasing use of e-mail attachments and other means to transfer files from computer to computer.
In 1971, IBM introduced the first "memory disk," better known today as the "floppy disk." It was an 8-inch flexible plastic disk coated with magnetic iron oxide. Computer data was written to and read from the disk's surface. The first Shugart floppy held 100 KBs of data.
Despite their obsolescence, floppy disks hold a special place in the annals of early computing history. These once-ubiquitous storage devices, now largely relics of the past, are remembered as iconic symbols of a bygone era in the ever-advancing world of technology.
IBM began selling floppy disk drives in 1971 and received US patents for the drive and floppy disk in 1972. The floppy disk made it possible to easily load software and updates onto mainframe computers and quickly became the most widely used storage medium for small systems.
The floppy disk drive (FDD) was invented at IBM by Alan Shugart in 1967. The first floppy drives used an 8-inch disk (later called a " diskette " as it got smaller), which evolved into the 5.25-inch disk that was used on the first IBM Personal Computer in August 1981.
