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The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions. A simple statement of the law is that heat always flows spontaneously from hotter to colder regions of matter (or 'downhill' in terms of the temperature gradient).
29 Μαΐ 2024 · Learn the definition, statement, and applications of the second law of thermodynamics, which describes the amount of useful work that can be done from a process that exchanges or transfers heat. Find out how entropy, heat engines, and the universe are related to this law.
30 Ιαν 2023 · The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.
7 Φεβ 2022 · The second law of thermodynamics states that as energy is transferred or transformed, more and more of it is wasted. It's one of the four laws of thermodynamics, which...
the second law of thermodynamics: A law stating that states that the entropy of an isolated system never decreases, because isolated systems spontaneously evolve toward thermodynamic equilibrium—the state of maximum entropy. Equivalently, perpetual motion machines of the second kind are impossible.
The second law tells us that the intensive variable is the temperature, , and the extensive state variable is the entropy, . The first law for a simple compressible substance in terms of state variables is thus.
The second law of thermodynamics indicates the irreversibility of natural processes, and in many cases, the tendency of natural processes to lead towards spatial homogeneity of matter and energy, especially of temperature. It can be formulated in a variety of interesting and important ways.
