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specific gravity, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance. The usual standard of comparison for solids and liquids is water at 4 °C (39.2 °F), which has a density of 1.0 kg per litre (62.4 pounds per cubic foot).
Calculating Specific Gravity. Specific gravity is determined by dividing the density of a material by the density of water at 4 degrees Celsius. For the calculation, the density of the material and that of the water must be expressed in the same units.
The SI unit for specific weight is [N/m 3]. The imperial unit is [lb/ft 3]. Specific Weight (or force per unit volume) can be expressed as. γ = ρ a g (4) where γ = specific weight (N/m 3], [lb/ft 3] ρ = density [kg/m 3], [slugs/ft 3] a g = acceleration of gravity (9.807 [m/s 2], 32.174 [ft/s 2] under normal conditions)
Relative density, also called specific gravity, [1][2] is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material.
1 Ιουλ 2024 · Use this specific gravity calculator to find the specific gravity of different materials and see whether they will float or sink.
Specific gravity (S.G.) is a measure of the relative density of a substance as compared to the density of water at a standard temperature. Physicists use 39.2 F (4 C) as the standard, but engineers ordinarily use 60 F. In the International System of Units (SI Units), the density of water is 1.00 g/cm 3 at the standard temperature.
Specific gravity is the ratio of the object's density to the density of water, i.e.: \begin{equation} \text { Specific gravity }=\frac{\text { Density of an object }}{\text { Density of water }}\nonumber \end{equation} The units cancel out in the ratio. Therefore, the specific gravity is a unitless number.
