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12 Απρ 2023 · Titanium dioxide is a food additive that enhances the white color or opacity of foods and cosmetics. It is generally considered safe by the FDA, but some organizations warn of potential carcinogenic, inflammatory, or neurotoxic effects from inhalation or absorption.
6 Μαΐ 2021 · Our scientific experts applied for the first time the 2018 EFSA Scientific Committee Guidance on Nanotechnology to the safety assessment of food additives. Titanium dioxide E 171 contains at most 50% of particles in the nano range (i.e. less than 100 nanometres) to which consumers may be exposed.
26 Νοε 2023 · The FDA and certain others say titanium dioxide is safe to use in foods and personal care products. The FDA provides strict guidelines on how much can be used in food. The limit is very small:...
10 Νοε 2022 · While titanium dioxide is FDA approved for general use in food, more research is needed to determine its effects on humans. In animals, it has been shown to have gastrointestinal effects and is a potential carcinogen when inhaled.
Over the last years, an increasing number of studies investigated the behavior and effects of E171 and nano-sized TiO 2 after ingestion and discovered potential adverse effects, including the induction of inflammation, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and co-genotoxic effects .
13 Αυγ 2013 · Two potential risk factors that may increase the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease) are animal protein and nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide.
In the case of titanium dioxide, the risk assessment considers the inhalation of fine titanium dioxide particles and nanoparticles in particular to be critical to health, because they penetrate deep into the lungs in animal studies and can cause chronic inflammation.