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  1. 1 Φεβ 2016 · In this article, we review the embryologic development and normal anatomy of the tracheobronchial tree; describe various congenital branching anomalies affecting the trachea, main bronchi, and intermediate bronchus, including abnormal bronchi directed toward the middle and the lower lobes that arise (or should have arisen) from the main bronchi ...

  2. 1 Μαΐ 2021 · In the case of minor anomalies as agenesis, supernumerary bronchi and variations of division, their main implication lies in endobronchial therapy, including biopsy sampling in lung cancer diagnosis or endobronchial valve implantations in severe emphysema.

  3. 1 Μαΐ 2024 · Bronchial atresia. Interruption of the bronchial tree is also possible, as is the case in bronchial atresia, where a proximal segment of the bronchus is obliterated. Bronchial atresia may be found incidentally, or may be associated with symptoms of coughing, dyspnea and sometimes recurrent infection.

  4. 23 Ιουλ 2024 · Bronchopulmonary segmental anatomy describes the division of the lungs into segments based on the tertiary or segmental bronchi. Gross anatomy. The trachea divides at the carina forming the left and right main stem bronchi which enter the lung substance to divide further.

  5. 24 Οκτ 2024 · Bronchopulmonary segments are independently supplied by a single segmental bronchus and a tertiary branch of the pulmonary artery, which both enter the segment at its apex. Venous drainage occurs through intersegmental tributaries of the pulmonary veins, located in the interstitium between segments.

  6. 23 Φεβ 2021 · Bronchial variations participate in the pathogenesis of COPD as anatomical determinants and promote abnormal bifurcations with more particles deposition. Abnormal variant bronchus covered cilia with movement and distribution dysfunction (MCC dysfunction) allowed more pathogens colonization.

  7. Our results show that there are no significant differences in the incidence of variations by sex in any of both samples, and neither in the average length of any bronchus by sex nor lobar pattern. Left main bronchus presents the longest length and left upper lobe bronchus the shortest.

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