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Dermal exposure to propylene glycol, through cosmetics or drugs, or inhalation of synthetic smoke or mist, may be more frequently associated with reported reactions. Propylene glycol induces remarkably fewer adverse effects in both humans and animals than does ethylene glycol.
The most important routes of exposure to propylene glycol for members of the general population are ingestion and dermal contact with products containing this compound. The general public also may be exposed to small amounts of propylene glycol released from newly installed carpet with polyvinyl backing.
Propylene glycol toxicity generally is not a factor in environmental or occupational exposures. Iatrogenic propylene glycol overdose is the most common cause of propylene glycol poisoning. The major toxicological effects of propylene glycol poisoning include the following: Hyperosmolality; Elevated lactate; Refractory hypotension; Arrhythmias ...
Propylene glycol is generally considered to be a safe chemical, and is not routinely tested for, unless specific exposure, such as to a medicine or cosmetic, can be linked with the observed bad symptoms. Since propylene glycol breaks down very quickly in the body, it is very difficult to detect.
Toxic effects include hyperosmolality, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acidosis), acute kidney injury, and sepsis-like syndrome. Treatment of toxicity includes hemodialysis to effectively remove propylene glycol. Prevention is best achieved by limiting the dose of propylene glycol infused.
17 Ιαν 2018 · Poisonings by the toxic alcohols (methanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol) are potentially fatal. This review summarizes the mechanisms of...
The toxicological profiles of monopropylene glycol (MPG), dipropylene glycol (DPG), tripropylene glycol (TPG) and polypropylene glycols (PPG; including tetra-rich oligomers) are collectively reviewed, and assessed considering regulatory toxicology endpoints.