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This page looks at the reactions of acid anhydrides with water, alcohols and phenols (including the manufacture of aspirin). These reactions are all considered together because their chemistry is so similar.
23 Ιαν 2023 · This page looks at the reactions of acid anhydrides with water, alcohols and phenols (including the manufacture of aspirin). These reactions are all considered together because their chemistry is so similar.
write an equation to describe the reaction of an acid anhydride with each of the following: water, alcohol, ammonia, a primary or secondary amine, lithium aluminum hydride. identify the product formed when a given acid anhydride is reacted with any of the reagents listed in Objective 4, above.
Acid Anhydrides react with water to form carboxylic acids. General Reaction. Example 1: Mechanism. 1) Nucleophilic Attack by the water molcule. 2) Deprotonation by pyridine. 3) Leaving group removal. 4) Protonation of the carboxylate. Acid Anhydrides react with alcohols to form esters. Reactions of anhydrides use Pyridine as a solvent. Example 1:
To form an acid anhydride, a water molecule is lost in a condensation reaction between two carboxylic acids. This is why acid anhydrides are called anhydride – lack of water. Reactions of Acid Anhydrides. Acid anhydrides react in a similar way to acyl chlorides, but they are less reactive.
We'll take ethanoyl chloride as typical of the acyl chlorides. Taking a general case of a reaction between ethanoyl chloride and a compound X-O-H (where X is hydrogen, or an alkyl group or a benzene ring): So in each case, hydrogen chloride gas is produced – the hydrogen coming from the -OH group, and the chlorine from the ethanoyl chloride.
Reactions of Acid Anhydrides. The chemistry of acid anhydrides is similar to that of acid chlorides, although anhydrides react more slowly. Thus, acid anhydrides react with water to form acids, with alcohols to form esters, with amines to form amides, and with LiAlH 4 to form primary alcohols. Only the ester- and amide-forming reactions are ...
