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ammonia is a vital chemical in both plant and animal life (see Chapter 3 – Ammonia and the Environment). Ammonia is a four-atom molecule comprised of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. The molecular weight is computed as shown in the following table. TABLE 2-3 Molecular Weight 1 Nitrogen Atom x 14.007 14.007
We will walk through the steps used to construct the molecular orbital diagram of ammonia. The first few steps are the same as you've seen before: Step 1. Find the point group of the molecule and assign Cartesian coordinates so that z is the principal axis. The NH\ (_3\) molecule is trigonal pyramidal and its point group is \ (C_ {3v}\).
To elaborate, the molecule is of C3v symmetry with a C3 principal axis of rotation and 3 vertical planes of symmetry. The image of the ammonia molecule (NH3) is depicted in Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\) and the following character table is displayed below.
Mollier chart properties of ammonia. Created Date. 1/16/2014 3:53:27 PM.
25 Φεβ 2024 · Figure 5. Molecular orbital diagram of NH3. Ammonia or NH3 has 8 valence electrons, consisting of a lone pair on its nitrogen and 3 N-H sigma bonds. The molecular orbital diagram of NH3 is presented in Figure 5 and will be elaborated in regards to its interactions.
The ammonia HOMO has A1 symmetry This lone pair orbital also involves bonding of N 2pz with the bonding MO of the stretched H3 molecule. This MO is responsible for the Lewis base character of the ammonia molecule.
A short video clip illustrating the process of ammonia production that can be viewed online by students or downloaded for showing in class. Downloads Ammonia introduction
