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b. Light energy directly provides energy to ATP synthase, which produces ATP during the light reactions. c. Light energy energizes electrons to make ATP and NADPH, which provide energy to produce G3P in the Calvin cycle. 6. When three molecules of carbon dioxide (CO 2) react with three molecules of RuBP during the Calvin cycle, six
Describe in your own words how ATP synthase converts the energy stored in a proton gradient into the chemical energy in ATP. For ATP synthase to convert its energy stored in a proton gradient into chemical energy, first protons flow down the concentration gradient and into the mitochondrial matrix.
ATP synthase is a transmembrane enzyme complex, which catalyses the generation of ATP through the condensation of ADP plus Pi. Its primary role is to produce high energy ATP molecule. ATP synthase brings out the formation of ATP at the time of light-reaction photosynthesis.
2 ημέρες πριν · ATP is formed during respiration and can be hydrolysed to release energy for processes such as active transport, muscle contraction, and building new molecules (anabolic reactions). ATP can then be regenerated from ADP and phosphate.
10 Δεκ 2023 · In the previous section, we discussed how oxidative electron transport in the mitochondria is accompanied by proton transport against a concentration gradient from the matrix through the inner member to the intermembrane space. The synthesis of ATP from ADP and P 1 is endergonic and requires an energy source.
24 Απρ 2022 · Hydrolysis of ATP. Hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate group (Pi) is catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase sometimes called 'ATPase'. The hydrolysis of ATP can be coupled to energy-requiring reactions within cells such as: The active transport of ions up a concentration gradient.
Statement 1: ATP synthase embedded in thylakoid membranes maintains chemiosmotic gradients. Statement 2: Phospholipid bilayers within the chloroplast are impermeable to protons. Statement 3: Thylakoid membranes contain electron transport chain proteins.
