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The bathypelagic zone or bathyal zone (from Greek βαθύς (bathýs), deep) is the part of the open ocean that extends from a depth of 1,000 to 4,000 m (3,300 to 13,000 ft) below the ocean surface. It lies between the mesopelagic above and the abyssopelagic below.
The pelagic zone refers to the open, free waters away from the shore, where marine life can swim freely in any direction unhindered by topographical constraints. The oceanic zone is the deep open ocean beyond the continental shelf, which contrasts with the inshore waters near the coast, such as in estuaries or on the continental shelf.
54% of the ocean lies in the Bathypelagic (aphotic) zone into which no light penetrates. This is also called the midnight zone and the deep ocean. Due to the complete lack of sunlight, photosynthesis cannot occur and the only light source is bioluminescence.
The bathypelagic zone lies below the mesopelagic zone and above the abyssal pelagic zone, and includes the water that overlies the continental slope. The bathypelagic realm of the ocean is believed to be home to organisms that have yet to be studied by man.
The ocean water column is made up of five zones: the sunlight zone (epipelagic), the twilight zone (mesopelagic), the midnight zone (bathypelagic), the abyssal zone (abyssopelagic) and the hadal zone (trenches). The upper layer of the ocean is known as the sunlit, or euphotic, zone.
bathypelagic zone, Worldwide zone of deep ocean waters, about 3,000–13,000 ft (1,000–4,000 m) below the surface. It is inhabited by a wide variety of marine forms, including eels, fishes, mollusks, and others.
The bathypelagic zone is known as the “midnight” zone for its characteristically lightless waters. At 1,000-4,000 meters below, no light is able to penetrate the ocean water this deep, preventing any primary production. The only source of light in this zone comes from organisms using bioluminescence (National Weather Service).
