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19 Αυγ 2020 · Dipole moments occur when there is a separation of charge. They can occur between two ions in an ionic bond or between atoms in a covalent bond; dipole moments arise from differences in electronegativity. The larger the difference in electronegativity, the larger the dipole moment.
Distinguish between the following three types of intermolecular forces: dipole-dipole forces, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonds. Identify types of intermolecular forces in a molecule. Describe how chemical bonding and intermolecular forces influence the properties of various compounds.
Dipole-dipole forces, also known as dipole-dipole interactions, are the electrostatic forces between two permanent polar molecules. Generally, the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule.
1 Μαΐ 2015 · Ion–dipole interactions in biological macromolecules are formed between atomic or molecular ions and neutral protein dipolar groups through either hydrogen bond or coordination.
For diatomic molecules, there is only one bond, so its bond dipole moment determines the molecular polarity. Homonuclear diatomic molecules such as Br 2 and N 2 have no difference in electronegativity, so their dipole moment is zero.
A molecular dipole is different from a bond dipole because a molecular dipole is used for the entire molecule, usually coming out of the central atom, a bond dipole is used to point to the atom with the highest electronegativity between two atoms (a bond)
The bond dipole moment is a vector represented by an arrow pointing along the bond from the less electronegative toward the more electronegative atom, with a small plus sign on the less electronegative end.
