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  1. 1 Οκτ 2015 · Evidence accumulated in recent years has shown that physiological serum levels of liver enzymes (within and just above the normal range) are associated with an increased risk of incident cardiometabolic disease and mortality from various causes in the general population (4 – 8).

  2. 4 Νοε 2021 · High levels of ALP may indicate liver disease or certain bone disorders, but an ALP test alone cannot diagnose a condition. There are two main types of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) blood tests: a general ALP (the more common test) and an ALP isoenzyme test.

  3. In normal individuals, total enzyme activity is mostly contributed to by the liver and bone isoforms, while the intestinal isoenzyme is present only in minimal amounts that raise after eating.

  4. Osteoporosis is highly prevalent in patients with liver disease, and it is characterized by loss of bone mass and strength that leads to fragility fractures [1]. Currently the diagnosis of osteoporosis lies in the assessment of bone mineral density.

  5. 1 Σεπ 2024 · Several endocrine factors (IGF-1, FGF21, hepcidin, vitamin D, osteocalcin, OPN, LCAT, Fetuin-A, PGs, BMP2/9, IL-1/6/17, and TNF-α) and key genes (SIRT2, ABCB4, ALDH2, TFR2, SPTBN1, ZNF687 and SREBP2) might be involved in the regulation of the liver-bone axis.

  6. Likewise, given that GGT and ALP levels often correlate in the context of liver impairment, isolated increases in ALP may be associated with deficiencies of bone origin rather than liver damage, and therefore fractionated isoenzyme testing may be indicated for persistent elevations, e.g. longer than six months (this may require secondary care ...

  7. Objective: The aim of the present study was to clarify whether serum liver enzyme levels in the general population are associated with bone mineral density. Design: This was an observational, cross-sectional study.

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