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map shows a burgeoning settlement, but no walls or gaol to conine the convicts. It was an ‘open’ prison, where convicts lived in their own tents and huts — and were employed on public works and farms — making escape into the bush relatively easy.
There is thus some overlap with Prison Registers 1770-1951 and Hulks Registers 1801-1879, Assignment lists, and other record series that list convicts by ships, such as the British Transportation Registers 1787-1867. Convict Indents were foundational documents for other record sets.
those who made the Botany Bay decision in August 1786. 'The East coast of New South Wales' was simply the last choice left in a succession of attempts to find a destination to which British convicts could be sent after the American destination had been closed to them. The theory that Botany Bay was founded primarily to become a new
determine why the British government in 1786 decided to establish a penal colony at Botany Bay on the east coast of the newly discovered New South Wales that was situated many thousands of kilometres from English ports and outposts.
About 162,000 male and female prisoners were sent to Botany Bay between 1788 and 1868, the last year that convicts were sent there. Most prisoners at Botany Bay were from England, Ireland, or Scotland, but some were from other colonies of England such as Canada, India, New Zealand, Hong Kong, and the countries of the Caribbean Sea.
part of the article, I will examine the literary background, historical frameworks, and contemporary debates that inform Southey’s Botany Bay poems. The second. part will focus on the...
In May 1787, eleven ships left England with more than seven hundred convicts on board, along with orders to establish a penal colony at Botany Bay, New South Wales.
