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The subtalar (ST) joint is an articulation between two of the tarsal bones in the foot: the talus and calcaneus. The joint is classed structurally as a synovial joint, and functionally as a plane synovial joint. The ST joint allows for rotation of the foot, clinically known as inversion and eversion of the foot [1].
For OKC measurement, once the STJN is established the angle between the line bisecting calf and another line bisecting calcaneus is taken. Normally the calcaneal angle is in 2 o to 8 o of varus/inversion. For CKC measurement, the patient is standing on a box in unilateral stance position with support for balance.
Eversion and inversion in this biomechanical model are equivalent to the pronation and supination according to the clinical terminology. Kinematics results showed a small range of movement of the calcaneus with respect to the midfoot in the three planes.
In the calcaneal rotation axis, which runs obliquely from anterodorsomedial to posteroplantolateral and penetrates the talar neck, the rotation angle tends to be higher in inversion-eversion (20° ± 2°) than in dorsiflexion-plantarflexion (16° ± 3°).
Inversion occurs in the subtalar joint when the calcaneus is brought toward the midline, and eversion of the hindfoot occurs throughout the first 15% of the stance phase, at which time inversion begins.
During pronation/eversion of the foot, the axis of the TN and CC joints are parallel to each other, making it easier for them to independently move and unlock the MT joint. The axes cross each other during supination/inversion and locks the MT joint making it difficult to move.
30 Οκτ 2023 · In the talocalcaneonavicular joint, the two types of movements (gliding and rotation) allow motions in 3 degrees of freedom: inversion/eversion, abduction/adduction, plantarflexion/dorsiflexion. These movements are affected by several adjacent joints, ligaments and periarticular tendinous tissue.
