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3 Ιαν 2021 · A closer view of the three combined sewerage and drainage catchments of Kolkata, referred to as the heritage networks in this work, along with the location of the terminal pumping stations.
Calcutta sewage is a black-coloured foul smelling fluid or semifluid, containing organic and inorganic solids in dissolved and suspended forms, with 90– 99% water. Chemical characteristics of the sewage was showed in Table 1. 2.
These shallow oxidation ponds harness solar irradiation and algae bacteria symbiotic processes to effectively treat incoming sewage. Concurrently, nutrient-rich effluents are assimilated through fish production, converting available nutrients into protein—a hallmark of nature-based treatment.
Many large-diameter brick sewers were built in central Calcutta (now Kolkata), India during the 1870s. However, over the past century they have deteriorated due to age, changed land-use patterns,...
Download scientific diagram | A closer view of the three combined sewerage and drainage catchments of Kolkata, referred to as the heritage networks in this work, along with the location of...
The combined sewage and runoff disposal system at Kolkata, or erstwhile Calcutta, is the oldest to be planned, designed, and constructed by British engineers in the country.
3 Ιαν 2021 · Many large-diameter brick sewers were built in central Calcutta (now Kolkata), India during the 1870s. However, over the past century they have deteriorated due to age, changed land-use patterns, l...