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Lecture #1: Bits, Bytes, and Binary. CS106E Spring 2018, Young. The binary number system underlies all modern computers. In this lecture we'll take a look at the binary number system and some of the implications of using binary numbers.
A single bit can hold only one of two values: 0 or 1. More meaningful information is obtained by combining consecutive bits into larger units. For example, a byte is composed of 8 consecutive bits. Computers are sometimes classified by the number of bits they can process at one time or by the number of bits they use to represent addresses ...
What follows are overviews of how numbers are presented in different bases, how computers internally represent numbers as a collec-tion of bits, and how to directly manipulate bits. This material is presented in a computer- and language-generic way; the next section focuses specifi-cally on the Java model. 1.
How to order bytes within multi-byte word in memory Conventions – Sun’s, Mac’s are “Big Endian” machines • Least significant byte has highest address (comes last) – Alphas, PC’s are “Little Endian” machines • Least significant byte has lowest address (comes first) Example – Variable x has 4-byte representation 0x01234567
On the myth machines, pointers are 64-bits long, meaning that a program can "address" up to 264 bytes of memory, because each byte is individually addressable. This is a lot of memory! It is 16 exabytes, or 1.84 x 1019 bytes. Older, 32-bit machines could only address 232 bytes, or 4 Gigabytes.
31 Αυγ 2018 · Bits and Bytes. Dr. Bill Young Department of Computer Science University of Texas at Austin. Last updated: August 31, 2018 at 14:25. Topics of this Slideset. There are 10 kinds of people in the world: those who understand binary, and those who don’t! Why bits? Representing information as bits.
Bits, bytes, binary numbers, and the representation of information • computers represent, process, store, copy, and transmit everything as numbers – hence "digital computer" • the numbers can represent anything – not just numbers that you might do arithmetic on • the meaning depends on context
