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1 Φεβ 2022 · Abstract. Aversive motivation plays a prominent role in driving individuals to exert cognitive control. However, the complexity of behavioral responses attributed to aversive incentives creates significant challenges for developing a clear understanding of the neural mechanisms of this motivation-control interaction.
- How Instructions Shape Aversive Learning
Differential responses reflect SCR differences evoked by the...
- A Review
The first Pavlovian to instrumental transfer studies date...
- A Reverse Translational Approach to Quantify Approach-Avoidance Conflict in Humans
Approach-avoidance conflict is an important concept for...
- Approach, Avoidance, and The Detection of Conflict in The Development of Behavioral Inhibition
The concept of inhibition has been described extensively by...
- Preference and Response Suppression Under Different Correlations Between Shock and a Positive Reinforcer in Rats
LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 7, 66-85 (1976) Preference and...
- Reward, Motivation, and Reinforcement Learning
Behavioral psychologists have long made a set of...
- Valuation–Motivation
Our key conclusions are: (1) that valuation of appetitive...
- Motivational Impairments in Psychotic and Depressive Pathology
This pattern suggests the possibility that impaired...
- How Instructions Shape Aversive Learning
1 Ιαν 2022 · Neuroimaging research on behaviors motivated by aversive stimuli in humans has confirmed the importance of homologous systems in humans, and allowed some understanding of the relation of these circuits to distinct behavioral responses and to clinical issues such as anxiety.
Definition. An aversive stimulus is an unpleasant event that is intended to decrease the probability of a behavior when it is presented as a consequence (i.e., punishment). However, an aversive stimulus may also increase the probability of a behavior when it is removed as a consequence, and in this way it will function as negative reinforcement.
3 Μαΐ 2018 · For this chapter, we will divide theories of motivation into three groups: (1) theories about instincts, drives, needs, and reinforcements; (2) theories about beliefs, values, and goals; and (3) neuroscientific and neuropsychological approaches.
1 Ιαν 2024 · Definition. In aversive learning an aversion is created toward a targeted behavior by pairing it with an unpleasant stimulus, such as a painful electric shock. Characteristics. Traditional analyses of learning posited two general classes of conditioning (i) classical or Pavlovian conditioning and (ii) operant or instrumental conditioning.
11 Ιουν 2013 · Approach–avoidance theories describe the major systems that motivate behaviours in reaction to classes of appetitive (rewarding) and aversive (punishing) stimuli.
A sharpened experimental and theoretical focus regarding the manipulation and assessment of distinct motivational dimensions promises to advance understanding of the neural, monoaminergic, and computational mechanisms that underlie the interaction of motivation and cognitive control.
