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In mammals, the sex chromosomes are called X and Y. Females have paired X chromosomes, one from each parent, while males have an X and a Y chromosome. Males get their single X chromosome only from their mothers and their Y chromosome only from their fathers.
10 Σεπ 2019 · Chromosome axes play a central role in meiotic chromosome dynamics: The axis assembles in early meiotic prophase (leptotene/zygotene) and is required to initiate meiotic recombination and homolog recognition ( 2, 3 ).
In contrast, the X and Y chromosome synapse only in the short homologous pseudoautosomal regions, and form the so-called XY body. 1 In this specialized chromatin area, transcription is shut down by a mechanism named meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) (reviewed by Refs. 2 and 3). The sex chromosomes remain silent throughout the rest of ...
27 Μαΐ 2020 · Early pachynema was defined as complete autosomal synapsis, whereas the X and Y chromosomes could display various configuration: i) unsynapsed, with thickened PAR axes; ii) engaged in PAR...
In humans, females inherit an X chromosome from each parent, whereas males always inherit their X chromosome from their mother and their Y chromosome from their father.
1 Ιαν 2023 · In this review, we discuss the changes in chromatin conformation taking place between somatic and meiotic cells, with a special focus on the establishment of a proteinaceous structure, called the chromosome axis, at the beginning of meiosis.
5 Ιαν 2023 · FIGURE 1. Axis-loop chromosome structure and the synaptonemal complex in mice (A) Surface spreads of mouse oocyte pachytene chromosomes immunostained for RAD21L (green), SYCP3 (magenta), and DNA (DAPI; blue). DNA is condensed on chromosome axes where cohesin complexes and axis core proteins localize and spread as loops from axes.
