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If the wave propagates along the z−axis with electric field components along both the x- and y-axis, the wave can be decomposed into the two polarization components. During propaga-tion of the wave the will experience a differential phase shift with respect to each other and the state of polarization may change.
Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe the statistical interpretation of the wave function. Use the wave function to determine probabilities. Calculate expectation values of position, momentum, and kinetic energy.
The simplest representation of Maxwell’s equations is in differential form, which leads directly to waves; the alternate integral form is presented in Section 2.4.3. The differential form uses the vector del operator ∇: ∇ ≡ xˆ ∂ + ∂x yˆ ∂ ∂ ∂y. + zˆ ∂z.
That is why we call these waves transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waves. We consider the electric field of a monochromatic electromagnetic wave with frequency ω and electric field amplitude E0, which propagates in vacuum along the z-axis, and is polarized along the x-axis, (Fig. 2.1), i.e. | k k| = ez, and e( k)= e x. ThenweobtainfromEqs.(2. ...
11 Ιαν 2024 · The figure below is a graph of the simple harmonic motion of a particle of string through which an harmonic transverse wave is passing (the displacement is parallel to the \(y\)-axis, and the motion is along the \(x\)-axis).
Consider two transverse waves that propagate along the x-axis, occupying the same medium. Assume that the individual waves can be modeled with the wave functions y 1 (x, t) = f (x ∓ v t) y 1 (x, t) = f (x ∓ v t) and y 2 (x, t) = g (x ∓ v t), y 2 (x, t) = g (x ∓ v t), which are solutions to the linear wave equations and are therefore ...
We say a plane wave is linearly polarized if there is no phase difference between Ex and Ey. We can write linear polarizations as E~ 0 =(Ex,Ey,0) (8) and choose the overall phase so that Ex and Ey are real numbers. If Ey =0 but Ex =/ 0, we have E~ =E 0 xˆei(kz−ωt) (9) with E0 =|E~0| just a number now. Then, from Eq. (2), since zˆ×xˆ=yˆ ...
