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A Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system or an orthogonal coordinate system[8]) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis.
The three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system consists of three axes, the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis, which are mutually perpendicular to each other and have the same units of length across all three axes.
Cartesian coordinates of three-dimensional space. In three-dimensional space, the Cartesian coordinate system is based on three mutually perpendicular coordinate axes: the x x -axis, the y y -axis, and the z z -axis, illustrated below. The three axes intersect at the point called the origin.
The xyz coordinate axis system, denoted 3, is represented by three real number lines meeting at a common point, called the origin. The three number lines are called the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis. Together, the three axes are called the coordinate axes.
In three dimensions, we define coordinate planes by the coordinate axes, just as in two dimensions. There are three axes now, so there are three intersecting pairs of axes. Each pair of axes forms a coordinate plane: the xy x y -plane, the xz x z -plane, and the yz y z -plane (Figure 5).
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A 2D coordinate plane is formed by the intersection of a horizontal number line called the x-axis and a vertical number line called the y-axis. The two axes (plural for axis) intersect at a point called the origin.
