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As we saw in Chapter 1, organisms differ from one another because their respective DNA molecules have different nucleotide sequences and, consequently, carry different biological messages. But how is the nucleotide alphabet used to make messages, and what do they spell out?
For example, in transcription, when a cell uses the information in a gene, the DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence through the attraction between the DNA and the correct RNA nucleotides.
22 Σεπ 2024 · Describe the structure of DNA; Explain the Sanger method of DNA sequencing; Discuss the similarities and differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA
At the most basic level, DNA is wrapped around proteins known as histones to form structures called nucleosomes. The DNA is wrapped tightly around the histone core. This nucleosome is linked to the next one by a short strand of DNA that is free of histones.
17 Μαρ 2022 · Eukaryotes, whose chromosomes each consist of a linear DNA molecule, employ a different type of packing strategy to fit their DNA inside the nucleus (Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\)). At the most basic level, DNA is wrapped around proteins known as histones to form structures called nucleosomes.
Explain the Sanger method of DNA sequencing. Discuss the similarities and differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA. Describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Distinguish between chromosomes, genes, and traits. Describe the mechanisms of chromosome compaction.
13 Σεπ 2023 · DNA is a fundamental molecule that holds life’s blueprint. Within a eukaryotic cell (plant and animal), they are found inside the nucleus, distributed among its chromosomes. Chromosomes consist of thousands of short DNA segments called genes. In contrast, DNA is located within a central dense area called the nucleoid in a prokaryotic cell ...
