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Chlorine is a chemical element; it has symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature.
Chlorine reacts with most metals and forms metal chlorides, with most of these compounds being soluble in water. Examples of insoluble compounds include \(AgCl\) and \(PbCl_2\). Gaseous or liquid chlorine usually does not have an effect on metals such as iron, copper, platinum, silver, and steel at temperatures below 230°F.
Elemental chlorine is a pale, yellowy green gas at room temperature. It was the Greek word khlôros meaning 'yellowish-green' that was used as inspiration by Sir Humphrey Davy when he named this element in the 19th century.
5 Οκτ 2024 · Chlorine, chemical element of the halogen group that is a toxic, corrosive, greenish yellow gas, irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Much chlorine is used to sterilize water and wastes, and the substance is employed either directly or indirectly as a bleaching agent for paper.
Chlorine changes from a gas into a liquid at a temperature of -34.05°C (-29.29°F) and from a liquid to a solid at -101.00°C (-149.80°F). The gas is soluble (dissolvable) in water. It also reacts chemically with water as it dissolves to form hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl).
The Gas Basicity of Chlorine is 490.1 kJ/mol. The Dipole Polarizability of Cl is 14.6 plus or minus 0.1 a₀. Element 17 has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (CD) of 94.6 a₀, and C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 97.1 a₀.
5 Οκτ 2024 · Chlorine combines with almost all the elements, except for the lighter noble gases, to give chlorides; those of most metals are ionic crystals, whereas those of the semimetals and nonmetals are predominantly molecular.
