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The energy \(U_C\) stored in a capacitor is electrostatic potential energy and is thus related to the charge Q and voltage V between the capacitor plates. A charged capacitor stores energy in the electrical field between its plates.
- 19.7: Energy Stored in Capacitors
The energy stored in a capacitor can be expressed in three...
- 8.2: Capacitors and Capacitance
Explain the concepts of a capacitor and its capacitance....
- 19.7: Energy Stored in Capacitors
The energy stored in a capacitor can be expressed in three ways: \(E_{\mathrm{cap}}=\dfrac{QV}{2}=\dfrac{CV^{2}}{2}=\dfrac{Q^{2}}{2C},\) where \(Q\) is the charge, \(V\) is the voltage, and \(C\) is the capacitance of the capacitor.
Explain the concepts of a capacitor and its capacitance. Describe how to evaluate the capacitance of a system of conductors. A capacitor is a device used to store electrical charge and electrical energy. It consists of at least two electrical conductors separated by a distance.
The energy U C U C stored in a capacitor is electrostatic potential energy and is thus related to the charge Q and voltage V between the capacitor plates. A charged capacitor stores energy in the electrical field between its plates.
The energy stored on a capacitor can be expressed in terms of the work done by the battery. Voltage represents energy per unit charge, so the work to move a charge element dq from the negative plate to the positive plate is equal to V dq, where V is the voltage on the capacitor.
The energy stored on a capacitor can be calculated from the equivalent expressions: This energy is stored in the electric field.
The capacitance C of a capacitor separating charges +Q and −Q, with voltage V across it, is defined as C = V Q. The unit of capacitance is the farad (F), equivalent to one coulomb stored for each volt of potential difference.
